Oakland, Calif.--The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the preliminary results from a comprehensive health risk assessment study for the community of West Oakland. The report shows an increased potential cancer risk due to diesel particulate matter emissions from trucks traveling on nearby freeways and marine vessel traffic in the San Francisco Bay Area unrelated to the Port of Oakland.
The study, developed in collaboration with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, the Maritime Port of Oakland, and Union Pacific Railroad, reveals that the estimated lifetime potential cancer risk for residents of West Oakland from exposure to diesel emissions is about 1,200 excess cancers per million people. The analysis covers 3.1 million people who reside in the affected area of 3,800 square miles.
While diesel trucks account for a majority of the risk in West Oakland, resulting in about 850 potential cancer cases per million or 70 percent of the total, port operations account for an estimated lifetime potential cancer risk of 200 excess cancer cases per million, or about 15 percent of the total.
Union Pacific railyard emissions amount to a potential cancer risk of about 40 excess cancer cases per million, or less than 5 percent, and the remaining 10 percent of risk comes from a variety of diesel sources such as passenger trains and construction projects.
"This health risk assessment will provide the community the focus and momentum needed to mobilize and combat air pollution," said CARB Chairman Mary D. Nichols. "We look forward to working with community activists to converge on the main pollution culprits, such as trucks motoring on nearby freeways, affecting a growing and vibrant West Oakland."
Emissions from diesel particulate matter are associated with causing a variety of health problems, including premature death and a number of heart and lung diseases. The study also estimates the yearly noncancer health impacts resulting from exposure to port-related diesel particulate matter emissions in the area: 18 premature deaths (age 30 and older), 290 asthma attacks, 2,600 days of work loss, and 15,000 minor restricted-activity episodes.
Having identified diesel particulate matter as a toxic air contaminant in 1998 due to its potential to cause cancer and other respiratory problems, CARB has put in place stringent regulations to curve the health risk to Californians.
The most recent adopted regulations to limit diesel emissions affect cargo handling equipment, transport refrigeration units, truck idling, off-road equipment, harbor craft, ship auxiliary engines, port drayage trucks, and ships-at-berth. Also, the introduction of cleaner fuel for railroads and ships has contributed to lower pollution around the ports and rail-yards.
Later this year, CARB will be considering proposed regulations involving on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles (trucks and buses) and oceangoing vessel main engines to further reduce diesel soot. State control measures will contribute to an approximate decrease of 80 percent in harmful emissions by 2015, CARB has estimated.